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Armorial
In the section “Armorial” we put the part of
known historical material about Getseviches coat of arms. We are
collecting information. If you have something to tell, please send your
materials.
The Getseviches coat of arms
 Prototypes
of the coat of arms - different symbolic pictures that were put on
military armor, banners, rings and other personal things – were used in
ancient times. In the works of Homer, Virgil, Plinius and other ancient
authors we find the evidence of such signs usage. Legendary heroes and
real historical persons, tsars and commanders, had personal emblems very
often. Thus, Alexander Macedon’s helmet was decorated by sea horse (hippocamp),
Achilles helmet was decorated by an eagle, Numibia tsar Masinis helmet
was decorated by a dog. Shields were also decorated by different
emblems, for example, by the picture of Medusa Gorgon cut off head. But
these signs were used only as decoration, were changed by the owners,
weren’t handed down and didn’t follow any rules. Only some emblems of
ancient islands and cities were used constantly on coins, medals and
seals. The emblem of Athens was an owl, of Corinth – Pegas, of Samos –
peacock, of the island Rhodes – rose. And in these fact we can find the
dawn of the state heraldry. Bright and vivid art of heraldry was
developing in times of culture and economy decline in Europe after the
Roman Empire destruction and with the statement of Christian religion
when feudalism and hereditary aristocracy system appeared. The first
coat of arms were placed on the seals to the documents and appeared in
the 11th century. We should pay attention that in times of
universal illiteracy the usage of coat of arms for signing and
designation the property was the only way for many people to assure the
document by the name.
Undoubted evidence
of the heraldry existence appeared only after crusades. Congestion of
feudal lords from different countries in one place, the necessity to
know each other under the illiteracy and language barriers, to state
their own name was the reason of the heraldry appearance and formation.
The first English king who had a personal emblem was Richard the Lion
Heart (1157-1199). His three golden leopards were used since that time
by all royal dynasties of England.
Coat of arm is obliged not only to crusades but to knightly tournaments
as well. We can say that the main permit to the tournament was the coat
of arms that proved the high descent of the owner and his state in the
family hierarchy. For the experts or heralds a coat of arms had all
necessary information. That’s why the most important part of the
tournament etiquette was coats of arms which were so numerous that there
came the time to establish order in the sphere. Heralds systemized the
knowledge about the coats of arms, worked out the general principles and
rules of its composition and recognition and at last they created
science “heraldry”.
Poland had its own different from other countries of Western Europe
principle of coat of arms adoption that was based on the socio-political
model of nobility. In other countries the coat of arms was assigned to
one family and was handed down to the eldest branches of the family;
younger branches had different lower variants. In Poland the coat of
arms of some great feudal – magnet – was assigned not only to his family
but to his vassals. When Poland conquered some lands the feudal who
conquered them informed his heraldic emblems to new subjects. Polish
gentlemen of that time used to speak about “heraldic kinship”, when the
families not being in the blood kinship were united under the one coat
of arms. The list of the people belonging to the one coat of arms
included hundreds of surnames. There appeared the custom to tell
together with the surname or nickname the coat of arms that is the
reason fro many double surnames in Poland and Lithuania. The proper name
of a coat of arms is the character feature of polish Lithuanian
heraldry. The name of the coat of arms was given by the surname of
magnet who owned the coat of arms, by the surname or nickname of the
first person who applied the coat of arms, by the name of legendary hero
who used it, by the figures or compositions on the coat of arms. If for
some reason the composition of the coat of arms changed then it changed
its name or there appeared new modification (the second, the third) of
the previous one. There were cases when one and the same coat of arms
had different names in different periods of time. There are different
data on the number and types of the polish Lithuanian coat of arms. A.B.
Lakier described and illustrated 200 polish Lithuanian emblems, V.K.
Lukomsky and V.L. Modzalevsky - 134. In the book K.Nesetski “Polish
armorial” there is the list of 505 names of polish coat of arms
registered in the “Armorial of Polish Kingdom”. In 1892 the collection
of the highest asserted diplomas of the coat of arms of polish nobility
(not included into the “Armorial of Polish Kingdom”) in two volumes was
published, there we find 196 coat of arms.
According to
different sources we ascertained that Getseviches belonged to the five
following coats of arms as minimum.
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"Gazdava",
private coat of arms that was used by more than 200
families of polish gentlemen of Belarus, Ukraine,
Lithuania, Poland, including Gandlevskys, Korfs, Mitsuts,
Nemiroviches, Podberezskis, Pats, Rumshs, Trizns,
Xrapavitskies. On the red field there are two silver
lilies turned up and down that are fortified by golden
ring.
Êëåéíîä
– over the top with the crown there is the illustration
of the same lilies on the peacock tile.
The variants of the coat of arms
existed: with the 5 peacock feathers, with the shield
divided in two parts, where in the high silver field
there is black lily and in the lower black field there
is silver lily. The coat of arms is known from the
beginning of the 14th century. |
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"Daliva",
private coat of arms that was used by
more than 130 families of polish gentlemen of Belarus,
Ukraine, Lithuania, Poland. On the blue field there is
silver cross belt from the high left corner to the low
right one, on the cross belt there are three red four-
or five- petal roses.
Êëåéíîä
– two black ox horns, between them there are three
roses: over each other. There is one more variant of it
where the field is red.
The
coat of arms appeared at the beginning of the 11th
century. In the GPL it existed since the 15th
century.
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"Lubich",
private coat of arms that was used by more than 500
families of Belarus, Ukraine, Lithuania, Poland,
including Zhulevskies, Lopatinskies, Nezabutovskies,
Radiminskies. On the blue field there is silver
horseshoe with the ends down, there is golden cavalry
cross on it, the other cross is in the middle of the
horseshoe.
Êëåéíîä
– over the crown top there are three ostrich feathers.
There are variants of the coat of arms with the only
silver cross, one over the other in the middle of the
horseshoe.
It exists since the 14th
century.
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"Castesha",
private coat of arms that was used by more than 200
families of polish gentlemen of Belarus, Ukraine,
Lithuania, Poland, including Boreikis, Verachakis,
Zhabus, Goloshevskis, Dorogostaiskies, Dolskies,
Koputkovskis, Pilsudskis, Slanchevskis, Statkeviches,
Hadkeviches, Shimkoviches.
It is known in Poland since the 14th
century, in GPL since the 15th century.
On the red field there is the
illustration of the arrow directed to the top and over
crossed in the middle with the double end.
Êëåéíîä
– over the top with the crown there are three ostrich
feathers. There are many variants of the coat of arms:
the arrow with the two crosses or without them with the
six ending stars on the sides, with the hand with the
sword in
êëåéíîäå
and others.
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"Leliva",
private coat of arms that was used by
more than 350 families of Belarus, Ukraine, Lithuania,
Poland, including Abramoviches, Olehnoviches,
Gleboviches, Dorgostaiskies, Zaberezinskies,
Manevedoviches, Sinyavskies, Toronovskies, Tushkeviches,
Chapskies.
In
the blue field there is golden moon with endsd down,
over them there is golden six ending star.
Êëåéíîä
– over the crown top on the peacock feathers there is
the same moon and the star. There are variants of coat
of arms: with the red field; with the arrow that takes
its beginning from the star, êëåéíîä
– 3 ostrich feather, the moon with ends down, there is
the star below.
It is known since the 14th
century, in GPL it is known after the Gorodelskaya union
of 1413.
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